Paleo-Fascism

For me paleo/evolutionary nutrition is a dietary philosophy rather than a diet. What's the difference? A diet implies following certain rules. And rules really just aren't my thing...

Instead, I prefer to use evolutionary science to think about food, which really does not generate rules, but ideas for us to test out on ourselves while in the pursuit of better health.

It's a little more unsettling: wouldn't it be nice just to have the ability to have a little piece of paper with ten paleo rules to follow? People keep trying to do that, but it doesn't work and it does a great disservice. People follow a rule-based paleo diet and don't do well...and they assume that the paleo diet is a bad one.

Sometimes people see me sprinkling salt on my food and ask "Is that OK on paleo? I thought rule #494494 said no salt?" I would agree that our paleolithic ancestors probably didn't eat added salt and some people have seen huge benefits eliminating it. But rapid genetic change is real, and I seem to carry a gene that predisposes me to hypotension and was a possible cause of the episode that hospitalized me last month (the article mentions how such patients often crave unusual salty foods like pickle juice. My own craving lately is Tibetan butter tea). I feel 100% better on a higher-salt diet.

Another perhaps more common genetic variant causes hemochromatosis, which leads to iron overload. A diet high in red meat would probably be problematic for someone with hemochromatosis, but does that mean they should throw out the idea of following paleo? 

If paleo is about certain foods or certain ratios, yes, but it isn't. An evolutionary paradigm combined with individualized experimentation can lead to many varied diets that fall under the umbrella of paleo. It's perhaps possible in the future that better genetic analysis will help people decide what types of food are best for them, but for now we have to experiment.

Sometimes people will furtively mention potatoes to me, as if it's a possible crime and they have to insert it into the conversation with surgical precision. Probably some Paleo Fascist told them via Twitter that potatoes are the spawn of the neolithic devils and will cause them to explode, especially when topped with a delicious mix of chives, salty bacon, and luscious sour cream.

So when you see someone on teh interwebs telling you that you must do X or you can only eat one type of Y or if you combine X and Y you will turn into a tribble...ignore it. Some people are doing all meat, others high-carb. Some eating no dairy, others eating mostly heavy cream. You can find people thriving on all these variations. It's confusing to see people do really well on a type of diet that would make you overweight and sick, but that's human variation for you.

Comments

Thank god someone said it.

Thank god someone said it. It's getting a bit ridiculous, no? "Is yoga primal?" "Can I eat hummus?" I guess it just shows how little people listen to their own bodies and require the strictness of a "diet." I feel like paleo/primal gives you so much freedom, & yet everyone wants to put what they eat into a little box.

Personally, I struggle to get enough calcium in my diet, despite eating plenty of foods that contain it. It's something that runs in the family, & my mother has an incredibly difficult time absorbing D as well. If I include dairy in my life, I daresay there's a good reason! To hear some people talk, that means I'm out of the "club." As though that's why we're really here...

Melissa, I've been enjoying

Melissa, I've been enjoying the thoughtfulness of your blog for some time now, not to sound like a complete fangirl.

Quick question - how do you make your butter tea?

I wish I had seen this

I wish I had seen this earlier. I wrote a post about this same thing. About feeling guilty if you can only get grain fed beef. This whole paleo food snobbery thing is ridiculous. But as I expected I got some negative comments. So Im glad posts like yours, and the one at Free The Animal, seem very much in line with what I am thinking.

I do think grass fed is best.

I do think grass fed is best. My general rule is grass-fed/wild > I'll sometimes order regular beef/bison at a restaurant if grass-fed isn't an option > try to avoid factory chicken/pork but if someone offers it to me, I don't turn it down.

You live in Halifax? Have you thought about hunting? Have you calling nearby farms? Another decent option is imported lamb.

I keep reading people post

I keep reading people post things like "dairy doesn't bother me in small amounts" so it is okay. Paleo eating is more than the instant response from food. It is about avoiding the diseases of civilization that now plague us. There is ample information pointing to long term negatives with dairy consumption. The most recent on this is Cordain's newsletter article in August 8, 2010 - Volume 6 Issue 24 titled "The Adverse Effects of Milk - by Loren Cordain & Pedro Bastos."

Cordain has also recently written several articles on the deadly nightshade family, especially potatoes. Now for practical reasons nightshades are harder to eliminate completely than it is to eliminate dairy. One can eliminate them at home, but when eating out one can end up in situations where either rice or potatoes have to be eaten to fill oneself up.

If you want all the benefits of the paleo diet you have to be both gluten and casein free. Then bend elsewhere only when you have to.

Based on what Cordain has

Based on what Cordain has written, I don't think those negative effects apply to everyone either. The problem is that it's very hard to measure some of those negative effects in the short term. If something causes stomach upset...you'll know. But once you get cancer it's usually long after the cause.

But many of the things Cordain warns against ARE easily seen to be variable among humans. If milk always causes acne we would see the Masai popping zits all day. But it doesn't...at least in everyone. My sister had to eliminate dairy to help with her acne problem, but I could eat it all day and my skin would still glow.

Other studies he cites mostly use factory farmed milk and others lump processed/sweetened foods in with all dairy. I definitely think the issue needs more study, but it's hard to view dairy as a villain when so many traditional cultures do so well on it.

His nightshade papers are also tough to take seriously given that if you analyzed ANY vegetal matter that way, you would find "toxins." More studies are needed here as well.

I'm very surprised to see his followers using blithely using industrial canola oil, but avoiding foods that traditional cultures have used without problems for centuries like tomatoes.

All this is great, but I

All this is great, but I think that unfortunately people need guidance and clarity in general to be comfortable with trying something new.

If we want more people to get in and try eating a paleo diet, it has to be clear and simple. Heck, even the name is confusing: paleo diet, evolutionary diet, primal diet, PaNu, Wenton Price, natural diet... Brands get known and popular mostly because they have an easily recognized name.

I think one reason why the raw food movement attracts more people is because they seem to all agree on the same rules and they are pretty strict about it. To them any cooked food is poison. It makes it easy for people, when they see all these websites telling them the exact same thing, to trust that it must be the right thing. On the other side, blogs about the paleo diet all have a different name for the diet, some include dairy or legumes or properly prepared grains, ... I'm not saying that these blogs aren't good resources, I'm simply saying that they are not for the outsiders looking for an easy answer. If I had found about the Paleo diet 3 years ago, it would have saved me lots of health problems, but no outsider friendly blog or website found my way.

I think it's perfectly fine for people to be introduced to the concept in a rather strict or, dare I say, dogmatic way, and then, if they are curious and analytic like most of us, they'll dig deeper and find resources suited to their very needs. There has to be a balance between easily marketable guidelines and science.

I first found out about the paleo diet through MDA and I'm very glad that Mark created a resource so accessible, well marketed and easy to grasp for outsiders. However, unlike most people who start and end their research on health on MDA, I had to dig deeper to find why it didn't work right away for me. I'm sure most people reading his site aren't even really aware about the term "paleo diet" though, but that's fine.

Anyway, before I end up writing a book, I think that if the goal at the end of the day is to get more and more people on the Paleo bandwagon, we need sites that tell us to cut salt, dairy and legumes, just to make it clear for people while also trying to offer contrast and choice. Then perhaps those sites can point to more technical sites for people who want to learn more about it.

Ouff, ok, great post indeed Melissa.

It's interesting that you

It's interesting that you would chose salt, dairy, and legumes, because those are generally among the least harmful neolithic foods (though the effect of salt varies really heavily among people).

Rather I would chose sugar and grains in general as being the biggest agreed-upon harmful neolithic foods.

I think the best strategy for paleo is to question neolithic food choices and to introduce the idea that fat is good.

Exactly, I meant that sites

Exactly, I meant that sites that tell us to cut even the borderline foods that a lot of paleo people can eat without problems like salt, dairy and some legumes still have their place even though they might be too orthodox for people like us.

I agree with you that a good way to introduce the concept is to remove the fear or fat and to explain why grains, excess sugar and PUFAs are making damage.

One size does not fit all,

One size does not fit all, and never does.

On potatoes and beans, my thought is that if it was growing there for our "cave man" ancestors to easily gather and eat, it's OK to some extent. It's easy enough to gather a couple of hand fulls of green beans or dig up some potatoes. It's nearly impossible for one person to gather enough grain growing like wild grasses would to bother with.

Melissa, what a fantastic

Melissa, what a fantastic article!

We discussed this briefly over dinner recently and I really think this sums it up.

Some people discuss certain aspects of Paleo adoption with religious zeal or look down their noses at people who may not see eye-to-eye with their viewpoint.

Similar to most of those replying, I have made my own decisions about the 'Paleo' diet and realise that what works for me, may not work for others. It is as you say about experimentation and philosophy.

I am making better decisions which may be adapted in future to suit my needs or change based on increasing knowledge. I am avoiding 'food like products' and processed foods like protein bars, etc and learning more about what I consume. That's the most important aspect of this discovery.

Genetically I have a tendency for Hypertension, so I avoid salt where possible. I am Lactose intolerant so avoid milk, but I can enjoy mature raw milk cheese. I no longer eat grains/legumes but enjoy the increased uptake of fruit and vegetables and the nutrient density this choice brings.

Interestingly I am reading 'Paleo Diet for Athletes' again and realise there are so many areas that I now disagree with Cordain on.

But I feel I agree on the most important points.... :-)

Thanks for your post.

-Darryl
http://www.TheFitnessExplorer.com

Agreed! My recipes on my

Agreed! My recipes on my blog occasionally contain a small amount of potatoes or dairy or some other food deemed non-paleo by some. I always feel the need to apologize for that as if I have broken some law of the universe, but the truth is, I like those foods, they don't bother me in small amounts, and I'm going to eat them once in a while. I never eat gluten-containing products or beans because those foods do bother me. For me, cutting those out is of prime importance, along with as much sugar, processed food crapola, and vegetable oils as I can avoid.

I think that is what separates paleo from other "diets." It's not about rules - it is about eating what makes you healthy and that can vary a bit from the straight and narrow paleo. But, some people need rules. If it makes them feel better, c'est la vie. Just let me eat my once-in-a-while homegrown potato in peace.

I've often said that Strength

I've often said that Strength & Conditioning specifically and life coaching (including diet) more generally is 90% psychology and only 10% physiology. I think very few people are naturally "wired" to see things *other than* simply black/white, good/bad, right/wrong -- either that, or they still haven't recovered from the conventional education system. I think the "early adopters" to Paleo (as is with any "new" technology/idea) were, by natural selection, deep and thorough thinkers. What we see coming on board now are many second wave folks -- which is great; the more the merrier, I say -- but with that new influx comes a rash of "mainstream" thinking and (lack of) logic.

I really enjoy this article,

I really enjoy this article, as there is cross over to other thoughts I have had on other things - primarily - labels and "laws".

In my opinion, people get so caught up in the label of things like "paleo", "vegan", "triathlete", "religious", etc that they do it for the identity of it, to make themselves feel better, or whatever. But as you pointed out - there is self experimentation, whether that be "I like to eat chocolate (not paleo)" or I like/need to eat more salt. Of course people are going to jump at you and say "Salt is bad! Thats not paleo! The US government says its bad!".

Live life the way you want, without labels or rules. I could blab on about this forever, but great post!

Thanks for this Melissa. In

Thanks for this Melissa. In most people's minds diets are about restrictive rules. Paleo has never really felt that way to me (maybe in the beginning that's how I viewed it). It feels somehow artificial, or like it's missing the point to explain paleo to people by saying, "You can't have X. You can have Y." It's difficult to convey to a newcomer, but I think this post puts it very well.

David's right on. I

David's right on. I definitely eat an adapted paleo diet. I run a lot so I need more carbs than most. I rarely eat pasta or rice, but I will sometimes have bread, cereal, or quinoa. It works for me and allows me to get the most of my diet and training.

And if you aren't lactose intolerant, I don't see why you can't enjoy a moderate amount of dairy. Wholesome yogurt, milk, and some cheeses can be healthy if the right kinds are eaten.

Do what works for you!
- Fitz.

There's a fine line between

There's a fine line between accepting certain data regarding the likely merits of pre-agricultural diets, following it and the odd righteousness of orthrexia. I have no beef (ha!) with those who vigilantly patrol the boundaries of their own notions of dietary orthodoxy until it impinges on their characterization of my intelligence and capacity for a reasoned conclusion that might be a little different.

I totally dig this article

I totally dig this article and agree that Paleo is philosophy, and history more than it is diet and rules. I think if you lived way back when and you craved salt like you do, you probably would have lived near the ocean, or made your way there. I like to think of eating as my best chance at prolonging my life....and that's a very paleo thought.

Good one!!!

I've distilled the core

I've distilled the core tenets of Paleo down to eliminating grains, refined sugars, and vegetable oils - processed fake foods as well. I figure doing those things probably accounts for the majority of the benefits of the diet.

Worrying about legumes, potatoes, and dairy is something that I think should be left to individual circumstances and genetics.

I'm not going to go tell the Masai or the Swiss to stop consuming dairy because its not evolutionarily adaptive to their genome.

But, I can see why some people cling to a more dogmatic view - it makes it much more simple to explain what Paleo is all about. The more your deviate from orthodoxy, the muddier the water becomes.

Good Lord if I hadn't seen

Good Lord if I hadn't seen your comment I would have written the exact same thing.

I read a quote once that there are so many songs about love in the Western world because we are starved for real love. Perhaps we are similarly starved for truth, so we fill our lives with doctrines.

With experience comes wisdom, and the ability to see the forest. I imagine most "paleo-fascists" will get there...it just takes time.