This blog is about the intersection between evolutionary biology and food. But also about practical applications, sustainable agriculture, and general tasty things. I originally started eating this way to heal from chronic health problems and...it worked!
running
I almost never post videos because I'm not such a fan of making them or even watching anything that doesn't involve silly cats. But I thought it might be an interesting format for a shoe review.
I took off my glasses because I hate them. Awkwardness and mispronouncing stuff is just part of the package :) In case you don't want to watch the video, the Footskins in question are these teepee boots.
It's funny because the whole evolutionary living community has so many sub-movements: evolutionary nutrition, barefoot running, natural movement, and crossfit to name a few. Interest in one often piques interest in another. I got into barefoot running through the paleo diet, but there are many people who did the opposite.
The crossover for me was a reluctant one. I do not like to run, besides sprints. I was a competitive swimmer for most of my childhood and, like most swimmers, I did not take well to running. When I was on the rowing team I pushed myself very very hard to run medium distances because our coach would use our running ranking to stock boats. Plodding along the North Shore at the end of the pack for many tedious miles was my idea of misery.
When I started doing the paleo diet I heard about the overall benefits of using your feet the way they were evolved to move. I ditched all my high heels and started buying thin-soled shoes. Then when I started getting back in shape I bought Vibrams, but I didn't do much running in them. I did love the way they seemed to make my core more sculpted. Erwan's Movnat Workshop(my post on it) was the first time I ran in them seriously. We did some very challenging trail runs. They were tough, but the opposite of tedious. I had to pay attention to the trail constantly— adjusting myself to the flux of mangled branches or harrowing mosaics of sharp rocks. This was much more fun.
So I was a reluctant convert. When I heard about the NYC Barefoot Run planned by John Durant I was excited for the movement...but not really excited for running myself, especially since it was on pavement and I don't train on pavement. Only some nudging from friends made me register instead of only volunteer. I didn't run very fast or very far (I did a completely barefoot lap which mainly involved walking), but I had a blast and met some really cool people! Governor's Island was beautiful and it was exhilarating to see so many people who are into this! The funny part was that I went shopping at the New Amsterdam Market(MMM Lamb Sausage from Fleisher's) afterward and I saw several people with Vibrams. I asked if they had done the run and they didn't even know about it! Vibrams are clearly a shoe trend here.
And that's great, but I still see so many women in particular with shoes that are not only preventing their feet from working properly but actively damaging them. They are called high heels. I'm pretty lucky to work in an environment where high heels are pretty abnormal (well, there aren't very many women in my field...but that's another story). But unless you work in high fashion I truly doubt any of us would be fired for ditching them! Yes, I always liked the way they made me look, but they were the Snickers bar of fashion: tasty, but you feel terrible afterward. It's interesting because they possibly play on our evolutionary desires for women with prominent buttocks and long legs. I think of Kessler's book The End of Overeating where he talks about "hyper-palatability." Snickers bars contain nutrients we evolved to desire for good reasons, but in amounts not found in nature. Our natural desires cause us to harm ourselves. Anyway, trust me, there are other ways to be sexy. My favorite is to eat paleo so your skin is clear, your hair shiny, and your body sculpted :)
So what do I wear? Until quite recently I made very little money and couldn't afford anything like Terra Plana's Vivo Barefoot shoes. Vibrams are great, but I personally don't like the enough to wear them constantly and the ones that are really nice to wear in non-running situations are fairly pricey. I would go to thrift or discount stores and look for the shoes with the thinnest and most flexible soles. For winter I found some moccasin boots and for summer I found some gladiator sandals, both at Payless Shoes. Both were unfortunately synthetic, but they were reasonably stylish and affordable. I also had some nice flex-soed loafers and ballet flats left over from my anti-high-heel shoe purge.
Now that I have a decent income, I am investing in some leather moccasins. I'm looking at different brands right now and I'll report back with what I find (I ordered some Footskins today, sorry, Softstars weren't feminine enough for me :) I'm willing to ditch the high heels, but I still like looking medium-girly.). Good leather moccasins should last a long time, so I think they are a good investment. Eventually if I get into hunting I'd like to make my own from deerskin. Have any of you found good moccasins? I wore Minnetonka growing up, but I don't like the soles of the ones I saw at the store. And I thought it was cool that the Footskins are made of deerskin in the USA. They also do custom shoes, which might be an interesting option in the future.
Joe, who I met at the run today, was telling me how many moccasins are modernized for fashion's sake and still compress the toes. I think of these Sami (a native people from Scandinavia) shoes:

Look how boxy the toes are. That's more freedom for the toes. Inuit shoes are fairly similar in this way.


Eating Paleo in NYC had a lovely picnic last month and it was featured on Mark's Daily Apple yesterday. I suggest you check it out. It has a couple of really good recipes, including my own duck confit/lardo salad.

In other news: are you going to the NYC Barefoot run this weekend? Pretty much everyone cool will be there, like me, but also Erwan Le Corre and John Durant.
I have much to blog about and have been writing several posts, but I've also been traveling, starting a new job, and enjoying life ;)
Recently Overcoming Bias had a post about how men are evolved to hunt, women to gather. It then went on to speculate about how most sports are based on hunting instincts:
"Now sports let us show off many kinds of physically-expressed abilities. But it seems to me that most sports emphasize hunting skills, such as chasing, evading, throwing, and hitting, far more than gathering skills, such as visual search and fine finger control. Now it makes sense for men to prefer hunting sports, but oddly females also seem to prefer them; pretty much all sports emphasize hunting more than gathering skills. Why don’t women prefer sports designed to show off the skills for which female bodies were designed?
Sorry, but there is a "sport" that uses exactly these "gather" skills--it's called hunting! Perhaps our ancestors did persistence hunt and our most popular sports are based on those skills, but the persistence hunt only works in certain environments.
Modern hunting really isn't much like persistence hunting, even when practiced in open plain environments that would be suited to persistence hunting using ancient methods. There isn't much chasing, that's for sure, in waiting all day in a tree blind for a deer to walk by. Visual search and fine finger control are extremely important in modern hunting.
Besides that, I think anthropological studies have been heavily clouded by modern ideas of "the hunt" that are only relevant to academics who have probably never hunted themselves. They seem to think that all hunting involves chasing animals around. For example, in some ethnographies, net hunting, trapping, and spear fishing are counted as "gathering." This has led to two erroneous ideas now embedded in pop culture: that women squatted around gathering leaves all day, and that such leaves made up most of the diet.
The real truth about the study posted on Overcoming Bias that showed that women in rural Mexico are better foragers for mushrooms is that mushrooms aren't exactly the most important food in the world. They are of very little food value, but have high culinary value, and the more hours you put into learning to forage for them, the better yields you get. I have zero experience with this myself, and in Sweden I got zero mushrooms, while my male Swedish roommate got several bucketloads.
But this is not all to throw away the idea of gender roles in evolution. A recent NYTimes article about the challenge of building a decent sports bra reminded me of the biggest foil to the "born to run" idea of human locamotion. Maybe men are born to run, but women happen to have breasts: jiggly protusions that are often quite large. When running they can be rather painful. Modern women get around this obstacle by using sports bras, but when was the last time you saw a hunter-gatherer with a bra? This explains quite well to me why women who hunt in those tribes utilize traps, nets, and bows. But maybe women get used to the "bounce" after awhile?
Elite female runners often experience amenorrhea which can lead to infertility and low bone density (and it's not associated with low body fat, it's associated with running). Do male elite runners experience such reductions in reproductive "fitness?"
But it is an interesting question: what do you think? Were all humans born to run? Or just men?

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